kinetin là gì

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Kinetin
Names
IUPAC name

N6-furfuryladenine

Identifiers

CAS Number
  • 525-79-1 check

3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:27407 check
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL228792
ChemSpider
  • 3698 check
DrugBank
  • DB11336
ECHA InfoCard 100.007.622 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 208-382-2
KEGG
  • C08272 check

PubChem CID
  • 3830
RTECS number
  • AU6270000
UNII
  • P39Y9652YJ check

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID9035175 Edit this at Wikidata

InChI

  • InChI=1S/C10H9N5O/c1-2-7(16-3-1)4-11-9-8-10(13-5-12-8)15-6-14-9/h1-3,5-6H,4H2,(H2,11,12,13,14,15) ☒

    Key: QANMHLXAZMSUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒

SMILES

  • C(Nc1ncnc2nc[nH]c12)c1ccco1

Properties

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Chemical formula

 C10H9N5O
Molar mass 215.216 g·mol−1
Appearance Off-white powder
Melting point 269–271 °C (516–520 °F; 542–544 K) (decomposes)
Structure

Crystal structure

 cubic
Related compounds

Related

cytokinin

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

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Infobox references

Kinetin (/'kaɪnɪtɪn/) is a cytokinin-like synthetic plant hooc môn that promotes cell division in plants.[1] Kinetin was originally isolated by Carlos O. Miller[2] and Skoog et al.[3] as a compound from autoclaved herring sperm DNA that had cell division-promoting activity. It was given the name kinetin because of its ability lớn induce cell division, provided that auxin was present in the medium. Kinetin is often used in plant tissue culture for inducing formation of callus (in conjunction with auxin) and lớn regenerate shoot tissues from callus (with lower auxin concentration).

For a long time, it was believed that kinetin was an artifact produced from the deoxyadenosine residues in DNA, which degrade on standing for long periods or when heated during the isolation procedure. Therefore, it was thought that kinetin does not occur naturally, but, since 1996, it has been shown by several researchers that kinetin exists naturally in the DNA of cells of almost all organisms tested so sánh far, including human and various plants. The mechanism of production of kinetin in DNA is thought lớn be via the production of furfural — an oxidative damage product of deoxyribose sugar in DNA — and its quenching by the adenine base's converting it into N6-furfuryladenine, kinetin.

Kinetin is also widely used in producing new plants from tissue cultures.

History[edit]

In 1939 P.. A. C. Nobécourt (Paris) began the first permanent callus culture from root explants of carrot (Daucus carota). Such a culture can be kept forever by successive transplantations onto fresh nutrient agar.[citation needed] The transplantations occur every three lớn eight weeks. Callus cultures are not cell cultures, since whole tissue associations are cultivated. Though many cells keep their ability lớn divide, this is not true for all. One reason for this is the aneuploidy of the nuclei and the resultant unfavourable chromosome constellations.[citation needed]

In 1941 J. khẩn khoản Overbeek (Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht) introduced coconut milk as a new component of nutrient truyền thông for callus cultures.[4] Coconut milk is liquid endosperm. It stimulates the embryo lớn grow when it is supplied with food at the same time. Results yielded from callus cultures showed that its active components stimulate the growth of foreign cells too.

In 1954 F. Skoog (University of Wisconsin, Madison) developed a technique for the generation and culture of wound tumor tissue from isolated shoot parts of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).[citation needed] The developing callus grows when supplied with yeast extract, coconut milk, or old DNA preparations.[citation needed] Freshly prepared DNA has no effect but becomes effective after autoclaving.[citation needed] This led lớn the conclusion that one of its breakdown products is required for cell growth and division. This characterized substance was named kinetin, and was classified as a phytohormone.

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References[edit]

  • Mok, David W.S.; Mok, Machteld C., eds. (1994). Cytokinins: chemistry, activity and function. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-6252-1.
  • Barciszewski, J.; Siboska, G. E.; Pedersen, B. O.; Clark, B. F.; Rattan, S. I. (1996). "Evidence for the presence of kinetin in DNA and cell extracts". FEBS Letters. 393 (2–3): 197–200. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00884-8. PMID 8814289. S2CID 21238076.
  • Barciszewski, J.; Rattan, S. I. S.; Siboska, G.; Clark, B. F. C. (1999). "Kinetin — 45 years on". Plant Science. 148: 37–45. doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(99)00116-8.